Sensor Attribute Chart

Scoring Definitions and Additional Information

A technology that is considered to be suitable for a specific application or attribute is represented by a data point at the outer part of the chart
A technology that is considered to be limited for a specific application or attribute is represented by a data point at the mid part of the chart
A technology that is considered to be not suitable for a specific application or attribute is represented by a data point at the inner part of the chart
LO refers to local object

Technology:

Technology	Attribute	Description	Score	Assumption
GNSS	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that personnel are equipped with an GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that LV are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the mining equipment are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that personnel are equipped with an GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that LV are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that the mining equipment are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that personnel are equipped with an GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that LV are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that the mining equipment are equipped with an RTK-based GNSS unit and communication system
GNSS	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Not suitable	This system requires Line of sight to satellite constellations, GNSS-relay networks and RTK base stations to operate at its full potential.
GNSS	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Limited	There is a possibility that some harsh weather conditions may affect the performance of GNSS-based systems
GNSS	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Suitable	Assuming there is a GNSS relay network to enhance the performance in the pit
GNSS	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Not suitable	GNSS receivers and radio communications are required to be installed on the remote object
LIDAR	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	Relatively high resolution and accuracy at close range. Large horizontal FOV.
LIDAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Relatively high resolution and accuracy at close range. Large horizontal FOV.
LIDAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Relatively high resolution and accuracy at close range. Large horizontal FOV.
LIDAR	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Limited	Detection of smaller objects may not be possible at medium range without specialized LIDAR sensors
LIDAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Detection of larger objects likely at medium range
LIDAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Detection of larger objects likely at medium range
LIDAR	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used LIDAR sensors
LIDAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used LIDAR sensors
LIDAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used LIDAR sensors
LIDAR	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Suitable	External infrastructure not required for LIDAR.
LIDAR	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Limited	Depending on the characteristics of the LIDAR, the performance may degrade in some types of environmental conditions such as dust
LIDAR	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Suitable	It is believed that LIDAR will not be significantly affected by terrain features
LIDAR	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Limited	Modifications may be required on the remote object to increase the robustness of detection, classification and tracking process
RADAR	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	RADAR suitable for short range
RADAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	RADAR suitable for short range
RADAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	RADAR suitable for short range
RADAR	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Not suitable	Detection of smaller objects may not be possible at medium range without specialized RADAR sensors
RADAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Detection of larger objects likely at medium range
RADAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Detection of larger objects likely at medium range
RADAR	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used RADAR sensors
RADAR	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used RADAR sensors
RADAR	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection may not be possible at long range with commonly used RADAR sensors
RADAR	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Suitable	External infrastructure not required for RADAR.
RADAR	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Limited	The performance of RADAR in harsh weather conditions is likely to depend on the type of RADAR sensor
RADAR	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Suitable	It is believed that RADAR will not be significantly affected by terrain features
RADAR	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Limited	Modifications may be required on the remote object to increase the robustness of detection, classification and tracking methods
RF ToF	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a radio transceiver with sufficient range. Assumes the use of UWB technology.
RF ToF	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Suitable	External infrastructure required for RF ToF.
RF ToF	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Suitable	UWB RF not likely to be affected by environmental effects
RF ToF	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Limited	It is possible that some terrain features may interfere with the line of site of the technology
RF ToF	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Not suitable	Radio tags are required to be installed on the remote object
Camera	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	Vision is suitable for short-range
Camera	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Vision is suitable for short-range
Camera	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Vision is suitable for short-range
Camera	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Limited	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Limited	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Limited	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Detection and classification may be possible; however, accurate tracking may not be possible. Stereo accuracy (depending on the baseline and FOV) is likely to degrade at mid-to-long ranges.
Camera	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Suitable	External infrastructure not required for RADAR.
Camera	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Not suitable	The performance of vision-based systems are likely to degrade in conditions with harsh environmental conditions (e.g. dust, rain, fog, etc.)
Camera	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Suitable	Vision not likely to be affected by terrain features
Camera	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Limited	Modifications may be required on the remote object to increase the robustness of detection, classification and tracking methods
EM	LO - Person	Short-range detecting a person (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Light Vehicle	Short-range detecting a light vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Large Vehicle	Short-range detecting a large vehicle (0m-50m)	Suitable	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Person	Mid-range detecting a person (50m-300m)	Limited	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Light Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a light vehicle (50m-300m)	Limited	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Large Vehicle	Mid-range detecting a large vehicle (50m-300m)	Limited	Assuming that the remote object is equipped with a magnetic tag with sufficient range.
EM	LO - Person	Long-range detecting a person (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Performance of magnetics is likely to degrade at longer ranges
EM	LO - Light Vehicle	Long-range detecting a light vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Performance of magnetics is likely to degrade at longer ranges
EM	LO - Large Vehicle	Long-range detecting a large vehicle (300m-700m)	Not suitable	Performance of magnetics is likely to degrade at longer ranges
EM	External infrastructure	Are external infrastructure required for this technology to operate	Suitable	External infrastructure required for magnetics
EM	Immunity to environmental effects	Are environmental effects likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology (e.g. rain, fog, dust, temperature, humidity, light)	Suitable	Magnetics not likely to be affected by environmental effects
EM	Immunity to terrain features	Is the geography of the site likely to affect the performance of the sensing technology	Suitable	In same cases, magnetics are able to operate without line of sight
EM	Stand-alone	Is infrastructure required on the remote object	Not suitable	Magnetic tags are required to be installed on the remote object
Technology